Kev Nthuav Dav ntawm Lub Peev Xwm & Kev Tsav Tsheb Uas Muaj Carbon Tsawg thawb Is Nrias teb rau Cov Hlau Zoo

Kev tso pa tawm tsawg Hlau kev tsim khoom ua rau muaj kev xav tau ntau dua rau cov khoom siv hlau zoo, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv thoob plaws kev lag luam raw khoom thoob ntiaj teb.

Raws li daim ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm Lub Koom Haum rau Kev Lag Luam Zog thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Nyiaj Txiag (IEEFA) thaum Lub Yim Hli 12, thaum Is Nrias teb nthuav dav nws cov peev txheej hluav taws xob Hlau muaj peev xwm thiab ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv qis-carbon, nws qhov kev sib tw hlau-ore tau hloov pauv ntawm kev ruaj ntseg txaus rau kev muab khoom mus rau kev tau txais cov hlau zoo rau decarbonised Hlauua. Cov ntaub ntawv S&P Global Commodities at Sea (CAS) hnub tim Lub Yim Hli 13 qhia tau tias Is Nrias teb cov hlau xa tuaj txog 9.5 lab tonnes txog rau Lub Xya Hli 9, 2026. Brazil tau raug xaiv los ua tus neeg xa khoom saum toj kawg nkaus nrog 5.1 lab tonnes, ua raws li Norway 1.2 Mt, Oman 0.893 Mt, Malaysia 0.573 Mt, Australia 0.530 Mt, South Africa 0.352 Mt, Canada 0.335 Mt, Russia 0.302 Mt, Iran 0.140 Mt thiab Sierra Leone 0.056 Mt. Is Nrias teb cov hlau xa tuaj tag nrho xyoo yog 13 lab tonnes hauv xyoo 2025, nce 106% xyoo-rau-xyoo.

Lub hom phiaj 300 Mt roj avHlau muaj peev xwm los ntawm xyoo 2030, Is Nrias teb ntsib kev thov nce ntxiv rau cov hlau zoo. Nws cov khoom xa tuaj txawv teb chaws tab tom hloov pauv: kev yuav khoom los ntawm Brazil nce siab thaum kev vam khom rau cov hlau Australian tsis muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb lub teb chaws Hlau Txoj Cai Xyoo 2025, nyoosHlau Lub peev xwm tau npaj yuav ntau dua ob npaug rau 400 Mt los ntawm FY 2035‑36. IEEFA sau tseg Is Nrias teb tsim tau kwv yees li 289 Mt hlau ore hauv FY 2024‑25. Txawm li cas los xij, 66.5% ntawm cov hlau-ore reserves hauv tebchaws yog qib nruab nrab-rau-qib qis thiab xav tau kev pab kom siv tau zoo.

Is Nrias teb muaj 27 lub chaw ua haujlwm kom tau txiaj ntsig, feem ntau khiav qis dua qhov tsim tau. Txhawm rau kom nce lub peev xwm ua tau txiaj ntsig los ntawm tam sim no 136 Mt ib xyoos mus rau 170 Mt ib xyoos los ntawm FY 2030, kwv yees li ntawm INR 510 billion (USD 5.37 billion) yog qhov xav tau, nrog rau cov cai txhawb nqa xws li txo tus nqi rau cov hlau qis uas tau txais txiaj ntsig. Cov kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas taw qhia tias Is Nrias teb txoj kev txhim kho hlau tsis yog tsuas yog tsom mus rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov zis xwb tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho cov hlau los ntawm kev ua kom tau txiaj ntsig. Nrog ntau dua 357 Mt ntawm Hlau muaj peev xwm tsim kho lossis ua haujlwm, kev xa khoom ntawm cov hlau zoo tshaj plaws yuav txuas ntxiv loj hlob.

Cov kev kwv yees qhia txog kev loj hlob ntxiv ntawm kev xa khoom tuaj. Tsoomfwv Australian cov kev kwv yees qhia tias Is Nrias teb cov hlau-ore xa khoom tuaj yuav dhia los ntawm 3 Mt hauv xyoo 2025 mus rau 50 Mt hauv xyoo 2031. Vale tau txheeb xyuas Is Nrias teb ua lub khw lag luam tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob. Cov neeg saib xyuas kev lag luam ceeb toom txog kev nthuav dav ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj: los tsim 220 Mt roj av Hlau Xyoo 2030, Is Nrias teb yuav xav tau kwv yees li 500 Mt hlau ore. Txawm tias yog tias txhua qhov chaw khawb av uas tau npaj tseg yuav ua haujlwm, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm 40 Mt.

Cov cub tawg ib txwm muaj peev xwm txais cov hlau ore thoob plaws ntau qib. Qhov sib txawv, Direct-Reduced Iron (DRI) thev naus laus zis xav tau cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo tshaj plaws nrog kwv yees li 67% cov hlau muaj thiab cov khoom tsis huv. Tsav los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov hlau thoob ntiaj teb, kev lag luam hlau-ore hauv hiav txwv tab tom hloov pauv ob qho tib si hauv qhov ntim thiab zoo. Brazil thiab Australia tab tom nqis peev rau hauv DR-qib thiab cov khoom lag luam ntsuab-hlau, thaum Oman tso nws tus kheej ua lub hauv paus ntsuab-hlau-hlau-hlau. Kev txiav txim siab yuav khoom hauv Is Nrias teb yuav ntsuas kev ruaj ntseg zog thiab kev sib tw hauv kev lag luam nrog rau tus nqi. Brazil, muaj cov chaw tso nyiaj ntau thiab nthuav dav DR-qib, yog qhov chaw zoo los txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm Is Nrias teb qis-Cov Hlau Carbon hloov pauv.

Cov duab zoo ntawm cov hlau Hlau‑kev tsim cov kev siv thev naus laus zis. Kev vam khom ntau rau cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm lub cub tawg uas yog cov pa oxygen (BF‑BOF) yuav ua rau cov peev nyiaj ntawm BF‑BOF ruaj khov thiab ua rau kev vam khom rau cov thee coking uas xa tuaj ntev dua; Is Nrias teb tam sim no xa khoom li ntawm 85% ntawm nws cov thee coking. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Global Energy Monitor qhia tau tias kwv yees li 57% ntawm Is Nrias teb Hlau lub peev xwm uas tab tom tsim kho siv cov kev BF-BOF. Kev muab cov hlau DR-qib txaus, los ntawm qhov sib piv, pab txhawb kev nthuav dav DRI siv cov roj av, cov syngas uas tau los ntawm thee thiab cov hydrogen ntsuab yav tom ntej, hloov kho cov tswv yim zeb.

Kaw Hlau tau tsim cov tswv yim tom qab xyoo 2030 uas tsom mus rau cov cai hauv kev khawb av hauv tebchaws, kev nthuav dav ntawm cov zis thiab kev xa cov hlau ntxiv. Jindal Hlau khiav ib lub Hoobkas DRI hauv Oman thiab lwm lub tseem tab tom tsim kho. Vim muaj kev tsis txaus cov khoom siv raw hauv tebchaws, pawg neeg no thiaj li soj ntsuam cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm DRI.

Is Nrias teb txoj kev npaj hlau tau hloov pauv ntawm kev lav phib xaub kom muaj nuj nqis mus rau kev lav phib xaub zoo. Kev yuav khoom yav tom ntej yuav tsum sib npaug tus nqi, kev ruaj ntseg zog, kev sib tw hauv kev lag luam thiab Hlau cov hom phiaj txo cov pa roj carbon dioxide.

Zhuohua Kev Tshawb FawbUa ib lub cav loj loj ntawm kev tsim cov hlau thoob ntiaj teb, Is Nrias teb qhov kev sib tw hnyav rau cov hlau zoo qhia txog qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv raw zoo hauv lub caij nyoog qis-carbon steel. Cov khoom siv raw hloov pauv hla dhau tag nrho cov saw hlau tshwj xeeb, cuam tshuam rau cov voj voog xa khoom thiab cov nqi tsim khoom. Kev hloov kho decarbonisation ntawm cov nroj tsuag hlau downstream kuj tsa cov kev xav tau rau cov qib hlau tshwj xeeb uas muaj kev huv siab, tswj hwm nruj. Zhuohua Steel khaws cia taug qab kev muab hlau thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ua hlau. Txhawb nqa los ntawm kev muaj peev xwm muab khoom muaj zog, peb muab cov neeg siv khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb nrog cov hlau tshwj xeeb tsim nyog ua raws li cov qauv tub rog thiab kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, pab cov neeg koom tes txo cov kev pheej hmoo los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm kev lag luam raw-upstream.

Cov Ntaub Ntawv Los Ntawm: Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Hlau Thoob Ntiaj Teb, raws li daim ntawv qhia IEEFA